Tea Production Waste as an Additional Resource of Biologically Active Substances

Tea leaves are a unique source of various biologically active substances, especially from the group of polyphenols. Tea packaging enterprises still have waste - tea dust. This powdery mass consists of fine particles of dry leaf tea. Currently, it is practically not used. It can be assumed that the composition and content of biologically active substances tea dust is approaching leaf tea, therefore, may be an additional resource of biologically active substances. The aim of the work is to study the chemical composition and biological activity of tea dust generated at tea packaging enterprises, to determine the possibility of using tea dust to obtain biologically active substances. A comparative analysis of the average, consisting of spot samples, a tea dust sample, black tea and green tea samples obtained from one enterprise was carried out. Laboratory analysis methods determined: the content of water-soluble extractive substances, the total content of water-soluble polyphenols, the protein content, the total antioxidant activity of water-soluble substances of tea and other indicators. Laboratory analysis methods determined: the content of water-soluble extractive substances, the total content of water-soluble polyphenols, the protein content, the total antioxidant activity of watersoluble substances of tea and other indicators. The content of water-soluble polyphenols and antioxidant activity were determined by the methods developed by the authors of this publication, the methods are registered as inventions of the Russian Federation. Organoleptic and chemical analyzes established that black tea leaf particles prevail in the composition of tea dust, which corresponds to the share of this tea variety in the enterprise’s products. With a short-term extraction mode, similar to the conditions for tasting brewing tea (5 min, 95 ºС), the content of extractives in the tea dust sample was 35.64 %, in black tea - 32.47 %, the polyphenol content in tea dust - 7.76 %, in black tea - 7.95 %. Tea dust has a high protein content of 17.44 %. The total antioxidant activity of the aqueous extract of tea dust in terms of quercetin was 29 mg / g. which is lower compared to black and, especially, green tea. The modes of extraction of water-soluble substances from tea dust were optimized, which allowed to increase the yield of polyphenols and antioxidant activity of the extracts. The results of the study suggest that tea production wastes can be used as raw materials for the production of biologically active substances such as polyphenols, and also are a proteinresource.

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