Study on Microbiological Quality of Vender Chicken Livers in Jalalabad City
https://doi.org/10.36107/hfb.2020.i3.s91
Abstract
Liver is chemically complex matrixes contain sufficient nutrients that support microbial growth. Microbial contamination of vending chicken livers could occur due to different possible reasons such as storing foods in cheap utensils, holding foods at a temperature that would permit bacterial growth, utilization of water of questionable hygienic quality, using packing materials that were not of food-grade quality, vending site that has no facilities for waste disposal and utilization of unclean utensils. In addition, street chicken livers vendors are unaware of the basic importance of personal cleanliness, thus their products are usually vulnerable to gross contamination by flies, insects, rodents, dust and other dirt. Vending chicken livers are often poor and uneducated and lack appreciation for safe food handling. Aim of the study is to determine microbiological quality of chicken livers in Jalalabad city. A total of 24 samples of vender chicken livers from 4 different shops had purchased from Jalalabad city Afghanistan. This step occurred earlier than the chilling period then Transfer Directly to the Microbiological laboratory of Veterinary Science faculty of Nangarhar University for Microbial culture and microscopic examination. According to our study we have seen 6 (25%) samples positive for Salmonella and 24(100%) samples positive for Shigella. Studies made in Nangarhar pointed out that the important aspect of vending chicken livers is their safety and understanding the possible ways of contamination. The sanitary condition need to be improved. The government must develop microbiological standards of fast food and urgently put them in practice.
References
1. Adams MR, Moss MO (1999). Food microbiology Thomas Graham house, Service Park, Cambridge, UK: The Royal Society of Chemistry. Pp: 192-202.
2. Antunes, P; Reu, C; Sousa, JC; Peixe, L and Pestana, N (2003). Incidence of Salmonellae from poultry and their susceptibility to antimicrobial agents. Int. J. Food Microbiol., 82: 97-103.
3. Baumgartner, A; Heimann, P and Schmid, H (1992). Salmonellae contamination of poultry carcasses and human salmonellosis. ArchivFuer-Lebensmitten Hygiene. 43: 123-124.
4. Bonyadian, M.1*; Ale Agha, S.2 and Motahari fard, A ( 2006). Isolation and identification of Salmonellae from chicken carcasses in processing plants in Yazd province, central Iran. Journal of Veterinary Research, University of Shiraz, Vol. 8, No. 3, Ser. No. 20, 2007.
5. Doneley, B., 2004. Treating liver disease in the avian patient. Saminars in avian and exotic pet. Med. 13, 8-15.
6. Easa SMH (2010). The Microbial Quality of Fast Food and Traditional Fast Food. Natur. Sci. 8 (10): 117-133.
7. Fratamico PM, Bhunia AK, Smith JL (2005) Foodborne Pathogens in Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Caister Academic Press, Wymondham, Norfolk, UK. 273 p.
8. Kalalou, I., Faid, M., Ahami, A.T. 2004. Extending the shelf life of fresh minced camel meat at ambient temperature by Lactobacillus delbruekii subsp. delbruekii. Electronic J. Biotechnol., 7:246-251.
9. Kuhian, K (1999). Salmonellae on chicken carcasses in Shahrekord slaughterhouse. DVM Thesis, Islamic Azad University of Shahrekord, Iran, No. 13.
10. Little, C.L., Richardson, J.F., Owen, R.J., de Pinna, E., Threlfall, E.J. 2008. Campylobacter and Salmonella in raw red meats in the United Kingdom: prevalence, characterization and antimicrobial resistance pattern, 2003-2005. J. Food Microbiol., 25(3):538-543.
11. Lunden JM, Autio TJ, Sjoberg AM, Korkeala HJ. (2003). Persistent and non-persistent Listeria monocytogenes contamination in meat and poultry processing plants. J. Food Protect. 66: 2062-2069. https://doi.org/10.4315/0362- 028X-66.11.2062.
12. Molla B, Mesfin A (2003). A survey of Salmonella contamination in chicken carcass and giblets in Central Ethiopia. Rev. Med. Vet. 154 (4): 267-270.
13. Mikolajczyk, A and Radkowski, M (2002). Salmonellae on chicken carcasses in processing plants in Poland. J. Food Protect., 65: 1475-1479.
14. Nazer, AHK; Firuzy, R and Ebrahimi Motlagh, K (1998). Isolation and identification of Salmonellae serotypes from broilers slaughter in Shiraz slaughterhouses. Pajouhesh-vaSazandegi. 39: 98-100.
15. Prakash B, Krishnappa G, Muniyappa L, Kumar BS (2005). Epidemiological characterization of avian Salmonella enterica serovar infections in India. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 4 (6): 388-395. https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2005.388.395.
16. Saidii asl, MR (1994). Prevalence of Salmonellae on chicken carcasses in Ahvaz slaughterhouse. DVM Thesis, University of Ahvaz, Iran, No. 161.
17. Thanigaivel G, Anandhan AS (2015). Isolation and Characterization of Microorganisms from Raw Meat Obtained from Different Market Places in and Around Chennai. J. Pharma. Chem. Biol. Sci. 3 (2): 295-301.
18. Umaraw, P., Pathak, V., Rajkumar, V., Verma, A.K., Singh, V.P. and Verma, A.K. 2015. Microbial quality, instrumental texture, and color profile evaluation of edible by-products obtained from Barbari goats. Online.www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.8/January-2015/19.pdf.
19. Wiesenfeld PL, Babu US, Raybournr RB,Gaines D,Donnell MO, Myers MJ (2005). Effect of dietary fish-meal on chicken serum, liver and spleen fatty acid metabolism. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 4 (10):728-733. https://doi.org/10.3923/ ijps.2005.728.733.
20. Zakki SA, Qureshi R, Hussain A, Ghias W, Sharif M, Ansari F (2017). Microbial Quality Evaluation and Prevalence of Bacteria and Fungus in Different Varieties of Chicken Meat in Lahore. J. Pharmac. Pharma. Sci. 5 (1): 30-37.
21.
Review
For citations:
Weqar S. Study on Microbiological Quality of Vender Chicken Livers in Jalalabad City. Health, Food & Biotechnology. 2020;2(3):26-32. https://doi.org/10.36107/hfb.2020.i3.s91