Introduction. The increase in retractions of research articles is associated with the growth of publication activity and additional control over the quality of research, but this process is accompanied by negative stigmatization of authors. Discussions around retractions affect not only the issues of scientific ethics of authors, but also reputational risks for researchers and publishers.

The purpose of the current article is to analyze the main reasons for retraction and typical policies of scientific journals on the implementation of the retraction process; to identify factors contributing to the stigmatization of authors whose works have been retracted, as well as ways to change the scientific culture aimed at reducing the negative impact of retractions.

Journal policies on retraction. It highlights how scientific journals manage the retraction process, including the use of different notions, such as "partial retraction" or "self-retraction", which can mitigate the consequences of retraction.

The stigmatization of retraction and its consequences for scientific knowledge. The negative effects of retractions on authors, including loss of trust among colleagues, reduced chances of receiving grants, and reputational damage, are discussed. The problem of uneven approach to retractions depending on the reason for retraction is considered.

Retraction culture. Recommendations for creating a more transparent and constructive retraction system that would facilitate the correction of scientific literature without stigmatizing authors who have made errors in their work are summarized.

Conclusion. The authors of the article emphasize the need to change the current academic culture, in which retractions are perceived as a stigmatizing factor. It is proposed to revise the retraction policy, make it more transparent and fair, and introduce a system of incentives for authors for timely correction of errors. This will strengthen trust in the scientific process and create conditions for a more responsible approach to publication ethics.

Introduction. Production and consumption waste - substances or objects that are formed in the process of production, performance of work, provision of services or in the process of consumption, which are removed, intended for removal or are subject to removal
Purpose. The purpose of this study is to conclude the analysis of the problem of environmental pollution caused by household and industrial waste to identify the main sources of pollution in the Central Federal District
Materials and Methods. The paper analyzes statistical data from the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment of the Russian Federation and Rosstat, systematized by federal districts and subjects of the Russian Federation, and calculates the absolute and relative annual increase in waste volume.

Results. In the Russian Federation, waste generation increases by 6.0% on average annually; for 2003-2022, the average annual increase in the recorded waste mass, including industrial and production waste and municipal solid waste, was 64.038 million tons per year. Municipal solid waste (MSW) processing in the Russian Federation in 2022 amounted to 22.4 million tons. The Central Federal District stands out as the leader in processing 12 million tons of MSW, with a share of 53% of the total Russian volume. Moscow and the Moscow Region occupy a key position in the structure of the Central Federal District in waste processing, amounting to 48.9 million tons. This represents a significant share in the total volume of recycled waste, namely 42%. The total volume of neutralized MSW amounted to 1 million tons, which is 2% of the generated waste, 3 million tons were recycled (6.6% of the total mass of generated MSW).

Conclusion. The obtained statistical data allow us to estimate the volume of generated industrial, production waste and municipal solid waste in the Central Federal District and to assess the level of their processing. The presented data also allow us to give the following recommendations on the direction of development of the waste management sphere in the Central Federal District: maximum use of raw materials and supplies; prevention and reduction of waste generation; processing, recycling, neutralization, placement of waste in accordance with the requirements of legislation in the field of environmental protection and ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population.

Introduction. Intensification of technological processes is an urgent task in food production. One of the ways to solve this problem is to use progressive techniques, including those based on low-temperature plasma treatment. An analysis of publications devoted to this technological technique made it possible to identify a range of problems that can be eliminated by exposure to cold plasma and to show the advantages and limitations of this method.

Purpose. Analysis of information on the purposes, modes and results of the use of direct and indirect treatment by atmospheric plasma on objects and processes of food production.

Materials and Methods. To prepare the review, we used peer-reviewed articles published between 2001 and 2023 in English. Information from 128 sources was analyzed in publications indexed in foreign and domestic databases Scopus, Web of Science, eLibrary (RISC), in the ResearchGate social network, archives of the journals Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies, Journal of the Institute of Brewing, Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology, Kvasny prumysl, Foods and raw materials, Storage and processing of agricultural raw materials, Beer and drinks, VSUIT Bulletin, Bulletin of biotechnology and physical and chemical biology named after Yu. A. Ovchinnikov. Based on the primary analysis, 74 sources were selected using keywords for further detailed research.

Results. Analysis of the information allowed us to conclude that the use of low-temperature plasma is a multifactorial effect on the objects being processed, since plasma is not only an ionized gas, but also a source of ultraviolet radiation, heat and electrically charged particles. The studied method of influence makes it possible to suppress undesirable fungal and bacterial microflora and even viruses, intensify the extraction of target components of raw materials, inactivate undesirable enzymes and, on the contrary, increase the activity of the necessary biocatalysts, improve the functional and technological properties of raw materials, intermediates and their individual components, and reduce the content of mycotoxins. The existing limitations of the use of atmospheric plasma are noted, due to the lack of information about the changes it causes in the chemical composition of the food product and its organoleptic characteristics, the potential accumulation of xenobiotics as a result of the destruction of microbial cells, as well as the lack of a unified principle for the development of devices for generating plasma and parameters for its use.

Conclusions. Low-temperature plasma treatment can be an effective tool for solving a wide range of problems in food technology, but its implementation on an industrial scale requires development of its implementation modes, the use of rational equipment and proof of the absence of negative consequences of using such a technique within a specific technology.

Introduction. Inflammatory diseases of the skin and subcutaneous adipose tissue are widespread among the population of different age groups. Failure to classify them as socially significant diseases reduces the attention of medical institutions to this group of diseases. Moreover, since large manufacturers of cosmetics and perfumes have left the market of the Russian Federation due to the sanctions by Western countries, an urgent aspect is the import substitution of certain groups of goods through the development of new Russian preventive cosmetics. 

Purpose. The authors aim to identify possible composition and develop the block-scheme of the cosmetic product technology based on probiotic studies that are promising for the prevention of inflammatory skin diseases caused by changes in the skin microbiome.

Materials and Methods. To write this review, we used sources published between 2015 and 2024. We searched for the following keywords: «probiotics», «probiotic cosmetic», «acne», «atopic dermatitis», «Lactobacillus», «plant extracts», «probiotic composition». The studied collection of sources includes 80 publications published in Scopus, Web of Science, SciHub, PubMed, Google scholar, E-library, Cyberleninika, and 8 online sources. 

Results. This review has systematized the information on biologically active substances of various origins, including wild plants, which have a synergistic effect, in order to determine the composition and the technology of an innovative probiotic cosmetic product. The main components were determined and the form of the cosmetic product in the form of a serum was theoretically selected, which promotes maximum absorption of the active components from it. Finally, the block-scheme of the cosmetic product  technology was developed. 

Conclusion. Further research areas include screening of probiotic strains of microorganisms and their cellular components that have a preventive or therapeutic effect for atopic dermatitis and acne, step-by-step selection of ingredients to develop a formulation that allows the use of probiotic microorganisms in a viable state or their active components, development and detailed selection of the basis of a cosmetic product,  development of the technology and analysis of features of storage of innovative cosmetics.

Introduction. One of the promising areas where food waste can be applied is the production of active food packaging. At scientific forums, there is an active search for the modernization of known biomaterials using the obtained active components from secondary raw materials with high antioxidant capacity. 

Purpose. Development of an active packaging film made of a biopolymer with the introduction of a plant antioxidant agent in a composite with bacterial nanocellulose, determination of the physico-chemical, antioxidant properties of the resulting biopolymer material.

Materials and Methods. The objects of the study were: a plant extract obtained from food waste (husk) of garlic Allium sativum grown in the Samara region and collected from the beginning to the end of September 2023; a plant extract obtained from the cake of marigolds Tagetes erecta grown in the Samara region and collected from the beginning to the end of September 2023; vegetable extract obtained from the cake of barberry berries Bérberis vulgáris; vegetable extract obtained from Camellia sinensis green tea collected in Fujian Province; plant extract obtained from Sinapis alba mustard seeds; bacterial nanocellulose provided by IPCET SB RAS, Bestfilament PLA granules, IE Berchuk D.Yu., Russia. As a plasticizer, the following were selected: TWIN-80 polysorbate, glycerin.

Results. The results of the study show that the introduction of bacterial nanocellulose into the studied objects increases the life of antioxidants. It was found that the vapor permeability of glycerin samples is higher compared to samples with the addition of Twin-80. The swelling values vary depending on the active component introduced.

Conclusions. The obtained data can be applied in the production of packaging materials for food processing.