Introduction. Medicinal raw materials have a rich chemical composition and bactericidal effect. The effectiveness of plant extracts against oxidative stress is determined by the characteristics of the chemical structure and the concentration of biologically active substances. 

Purpose. The purpose of the scientific research was to create a complex herbal medicine to reduce oxidative stress of the lipid system (pork fat) during storage. During the experiment, methods for obtaining phytoextracts from 4 plant objects (cumin, cloves, juniper, ginger) were developed. As a working hypothesis, data on differences in the mechanisms of direct antioxidant action were used. Antioxidant activity was determined by studying the effect of extracts on the rate of oxidation of pork fat. 

Materials and Methods. The antioxidant activity of the obtained phytoextracts and polycomponent mixtures from plant extracts was studied by several methods. 

Results. Research results have shown that clove extract has the highest antioxidant activity, and a mixture of extracts (cumin-clove and juniper-clove) demonstrates a synergistic effect on pork lard. It is scientifically proven that antioxidants with different mechanisms of action can be significantly more effective than individual antioxidants, which is important for the development of antioxidant complexes. 

Conclusions. It was found that for each multicomponent mixture the dependence on the rate of accumulation of oxidation products is unique, and there is an optimal concentration that provides maximum antioxidant activity.

Introduction. Currently, most enterprises in the food industry have a linear economy in their production, but its efficiency in economic, environmental and social terms is lower than the circular economy. The article studies the activities of public catering enterprises and the influence of the linear economy of public catering enterprises on the environment.

Purpose. The article analyzes the possibilities of improving the existing linear economy by minimizing production waste.

Results. This opinion article considers the possibilities of improving the existing linear economy by minimizing production waste, as well as the possibility of transitioning to a circular economy model in public catering organizations at the present time. According to Rosstat, the number of food industry enterprises in the Russian Federation has increased by 3,863 units since 2020. According to the federal waste classification catalog of Russian consumer protection agency Rospotrebnadzor, other unsorted waste from kitchens and public catering organizations (code: 7 36 100 02 72 4) belongs to hazard class 4, and the absence of a waste sorting system can lead to adverse changes in the ecosystem.

Conclusions. Reducing environmental harm by minimizing food and non-food waste, as well as high-quality waste sorting and transfer for disposal and recycling without ending up in landfills, can reduce the rate of growth in the number of landfills and their volume, and thereby speed up and facilitate the process of transition to a circular economy cycle. It is worth noting that the culture of behavior of citizens in relation to the collection, sorting and disposal of waste is also of great importance. By instilling a culture of conscious consumption, which includes minimizing waste, using environmentally friendly raw materials, separating and eliminating waste for further processing, food industry enterprises are able to improve the environmental situation. The results obtained and the conclusions drawn from them create the basis for understanding the linear economics of food industry enterprises and suggest ways to improve it.

Introduction. Among the main tasks of the state policy regarding the quality and safety of food products is the development of a strategy for the creation of new scientifically based technologies for environmentally friendly food products, including functional purposes. Market relations make food manufacturers introduce a wide range of competitive products with high consumer properties. These tasks can be solved by using food additives that improve the organoleptic properties of products, increase their biological value and shelf life. It is also urgent to develop and implement resource-saving low-waste and non-waste technologies for complex processing of vitamin-containing plant raw materials, obtaining cryopowders from them, reducing the loss of vitamins and other biologically active substances, using non-traditional sources of biologically active substances - medicinal plant raw materials, creating vitamin products of targeted therapeutic and preventive action enriched with natural vitamin carriers and antioxidants.

Purpose. This article aims to substantiate the relevance and prove the feasibility of using cryogenic technology in the production of cryopowders, to investigate and review the chemical composition of the powder from calendula inflorescences, to investigate the qualitative composition of polyphenolic compounds of cryopowders from calendula inflorescences and to confirm the possibility of application in food technology

Materials and Methods. Based on the analysis of data from the review of scientific literature on the quality and safety of food products, the principle of cryomechanical activation of raw materials, the physico-chemical composition of phytopowders from calendula inflorescences was considered and justified, and the effectiveness of cryopowder application in food technology was proved. The study of the qualitative composition of polyphenolic compounds of cryopowders from calendula inflorescences was carried out by spectroscopy in the ultraviolet and visible regions of the spectrum on SPECORD M40, quantitative determination of polyphenols was carried out on a CFK-3 photometer by determining the concentration of the substance by measuring the optical density of a water-alcohol extract. The vitamin content in the powders was determined according to standard methods, mineral substances were determined using a HITACHI 180-80 atomic absorption spectrophotometer.

Results. An effective way to optimize the structure and individualization of the nutrition of the population is the development of the production of functional products by using ingredients in their composition – concentrates of natural food components – vitamins, macro - and microelements, dietary fibers, which reduces the deficiency of essential substances aimed at changing metabolism, enhance and accelerate the excretion of xenobiotics, increase the nonspecific resistance of the human body in a safe way. 

Conclusions. Studies of antioxidant activity have shown that cryopowder from calendula inflorescences has sufficiently strong antioxidant properties. This allows us to recommend the use of cryopowder in the production of products containing fats to improve their quality and prolong shelf life.

Introduction. The study of biodegradable plastics, obtained from renewable raw materials, is an urgent problem of modern science.

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to study the problem of replacing synthetic polymers with natural ones, namely to study in laboratory and field conditions the degree of biodegradability for plastic from renewable starch-containing raw materials.

Materials and methods. The biodegradable plastic was examined using infrared spectroscopy, which allowed a rough assessment of its chemical composition and suggested that it was a composite containing polylactic acid (PLA). Also, in the course of our work, we studied the physicochemical characteristics of biodegradable plastic (bioplast) produced by Siam Modified Starches (Thailand) from tapioca starch. In particular, the breaking stress (tensile strength) and elongation at break were determined using a RM-50 tensile testing machine. Conclusions have been drawn about the possibility of using this bioplastic as a substitute for traditional polymers - polyethylene and polypropylene.

Results. A comprehensive study of the biodegradability of products, made from the presented materials, was carried out. It has been established that they completely biodegrade under composting conditions within 2 months. The rate of biodegradation in laboratory soil was determined.

Conclusions. Thus, we presented data on the degree of decomposition for natural bioplastic under experimental and field conditions. This investigation resulted in the generation of a kinetic equation for the biodegradation of the studied bioplastic in natural environments. The presented work marks the beginning of solving the problem of replacing synthetic plastics with natural ones and producing packaging based on starch-containing raw materials. Video recording of the degradation degree for new polymer products in water and during composting was made. It has been established that in laboratory conditions bioplastic decomposes slowly, at a rate of 0.32-0.38% per day. Under field conditions, complete biodegradation of the polymer occurs within 2 months.